Protocols

Protocols is:
The standards that specify how the network functions
0r
The set of rules for communication over the network
or
The language or the grammar that allows computers to “talk” to each other.
The Internet uses many protocols

for example /((FTP)):

File Transfer Protocol.
Used to transfer data from one computer to another over the Internet, or through a network.
Example - create a website on your machine; use FTP to copy the site to the web server; now everyone can use the site.
Then use FTP to update the files as you maintain the site.

The Internet as a Network

what is a computer network???

“A communications system connecting two or more computers that work together to exchange information and share resources”
May be…
Home network
Office network
Campus network
City-wide network
World-wide

The Internet is - “The network of networks”

www

Part of the Internet, a collection of multimedia documents…linked in a hypertext Web that allows users to explore them with simple mouse clicks.
Developed in 1989/1990 by Tim Berners-Lee, at CERN, a physics research facility in Switzerland
He developed the…
*Addressing system (URL)
*Web page language (HyperText Markup Language, HTML)
*The linking protocol (HyperText Transfer Protocol, HTTP)

“The dream behind the Web is of a common information space in which we communicate by sharing information. Its universality is essential: the fact that a hypertext link can point to anything, be it personal, local or global, be it draft or highly polished.” ("Tim Berners-Lee").

What is on the WWW?
*Brochure websites
*Interactive websites
*Blogging and social networking
*Forums
*Search engines
*On-line business applications
*Services such as web-based email, instant messaging
*And more…new things all the time.